Individual tolerance to hypoxia and hypoxic conditioning (brief review)

The article explores individual tolerance to hypoxia and methods of hypoxic conditioning, which hold significant potential in medicine, sports, and rehabilitation. The authors examine key factors influencing hypoxic tolerance, including genetic, physiological, hormonal, and psychological characteristics, as well as the role of sex and age. Special attention is given to methods for assessing hypoxia tolerance, such as hypoxic tests, and their applications in clinical and sports practice. Hypoxic conditioning, based on controlled exposure to hypoxia, is presented as a promising method for enhancing the body's adaptation to oxygen deficiency. Its positive effects are described, including improved microcirculation, antioxidant defense, cognitive function, and rehabilitation after illnesses (cardiovascular events, COVID-19. The importance of a personalized approach and the integration of artificial intelligence technologies to optimize protocols and predict individual responses is emphasized. In conclusion, it is noted that further research in this field may lead to the development of new strategies for increasing hypoxia tolerance, expanding their applications in clinical practice, sports medicine, and the prevention of diseases associated with oxygen deficiency.