Information and communication technologies as a system-forming part of the digital economy

The article is devoted to the study of information and communication technologies as a system-forming part of the digital economy. It examines the concept, essence and special characteristics of information and communication technologies, as well as their role in the digital economy. The role of information and communication technologies in the digital economy is also shown. Particular attention is paid to the types of information and communication technologies. Through comparative and historical analysis, as well as the use of statistical, theoretical and general logical methods, the importance of information and communication technologies in the development of the digital economy has been revealed. Of particular interest is the consideration of the issue concerning the role of the state in the formation and development of information and communication technologies on the example of China. The country's leadership at all levels is investing in research and development, primarily in breakthrough technologies such as biotechnology, artificial intelligence, integrated circuits, the launch of numerous scientific and technical megaprojects, such as quantum computing. The article notes that by developing and promoting Chinese technology, the government restricts the use of foreign equipment and software in government organizations; obliges to apply domestic technological developments in health care, banking and finance. The process of development of information and communication technologies in the 21st century is studied, which demonstrates the promotion of innovative technologies by Chinese companies (Huawei, Alibaba Group), including information and communication technologies. The features of the development of Chinese companies are considered, their paths to success and leadership are revealed. Thus, Alibaba Group is actively implementing innovative technologies, including information and communication technologies, the development of which is associated with highly developed e-commerce services. The development of the digital economy is associated with the introduction of innovative technologies, which must be flexible and able to quickly change in accordance with the requirements of markets, business and the state.