Use of an energy-efficient vertical tine ripper to improve soil condition characteristics

In order to improve the technology of cultivating grain crops, an assessment was made of the impact of traditional, minimal tillage and direct sowing on the agrophysical state of the soil and the productivity of crops in crop rotation. It is noted that the minimization of tillage and direct sowing of crops in the crop rotation pure fallow - spring wheat - winter rye + oats - spring wheat on chernozem in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe, contribute to the preservation of available moisture in spring and increase the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium in the soil by the middle of the plant growing season. At the same time, the soil in the 0-10 cm layer becomes dense, and in the 20-40 cm layer it remains loose - dense. With the traditional technology of tillage, the yield of spring wheat Krasnoyarskaya 12 for a fallow was 3.2-3.4 t/ha; 2.9 t/ha. In autumn, in the year of sowing, a green mass of a mixture of oats and winter rye was harvested. The stubble left after mowing the green mass contributes to the accumulation of snow and improves the overwintering of winter rye, which forms a grain yield of 1.5-2.1 t/ha the next year. The use of resource-saving tillage technologies significantly reduces production costs. With the minimum technology, labor costs are reduced by 35.5 %, fuel and lubricants by 40.3 %, when using direct sowing technology, labor costs are reduced by 49.1 %, fuel and lubricants by 64.2 % compared to traditional technology based on autumn plowing. An increase in the efficiency of mineral and organic fertilizers when sowing crops in fallow and stubble will be facilitated by surface treatment with a rotary vertically pinned subsoiler after their application.