The Use of Additives and Nanotechnologies in the Maintenance and Repair of Mobile Equipment

The article examines modern approaches to extending the service life of rapidly wearing components in mobile equipment through the application of addi- tives and nanotechnologies during maintenance and repair. The results of studies conducted at leading Russian scientific and educational institutions have been pre- sented, including Mordovian State University, Goryachkin Moscow State Agro- Engineering University, Ulyanovsk Higher Military Technical School, Irkutsk State Agrarian University, and Buryat State University. Developments in nanostructured coatings (based on CrB₂, SiC, Cu–Al₂O₃, Ca–BN, and others), nano-diamond addi- tives (NANO DIAMOND GREEN RUN), lubricating compositions, and fuel addi- tives – including patented formulations based on rapeseed oil and nanoscale SiO₂ – are described. It is shown that the use of these materials increases surface hardness by 1.5–2 times and reduces component wear by 20–50%. Additionally, methods for intelligent diagnostics of equipment condition using ar- tificial intelligence and MATLAB-implemented algorithms for managing autonom- ous systems, including mobile equipment engines, are discussed. A mathematical model for optimizing diagnostic parameters based on pairwise correlation coeffi- cients and cost-minimization criteria related to measurement errors is proposed. It is demonstrated that accurate consideration of climatic, operational, and fuel-related factors can significantly enhance the effectiveness of maintenance, particularly when alternative fuels are used.