Study of efficient and energy-saving design of passive solar heating systems with heat storage wall for heating and ventilation of agricultural buildings and structures

The purpose of this work is to obtain a more efficient design of passive systems with a heat storage wall and to develop an experimental model of the task for full-scale tests. The use of heat-accumulating wall in passive solar heat supply systems due to the small accumulation capacity and at its large thermal resistance, as a result of this becomes a significant increase in the temperature of the outer surface of the wall, leading to an increase in heat losses through glazing. To increase the heat transfer ability of the heat storage wall is the use of perforated heat storagewall, which allow to increase the intensity of heat removal from the radiant surface of the heat storage wall during insolation and can be used as ventilation devices, with natural or forced air supply. An experimental model of a heat-accumulating wall and the methodology of the experiment are presented. During experimental studies, temperature measurements are carried out in a model of six thermocouples located along the wall thickness and the air flow rate through the walls is measured according to the readings of a differential manometer. The electrical, thermometric and hydraulic circuitry of the building model ensures the operation, switching on and off of the heater- doubler and measurement of the additional amount of heat going to maintain the same set temperature in the compartments, the temperature in the compartments is set by means of contact thermometers set to the same temperature, the electric heaters are switched on and off by means of relays. The hydraulic system is designed to ensure the same air exchange in the compartments of the room, the amount of air extracted is fixed by a rotameter. Experimental studies in full-scale conditions should be carried out during the whole heating period with daily recording of measurement results, having determined the replacement coefficient and heating load of the room it is possible to calculate the economic efficiency of the passive solar heating system for a given building construction.