Study of internal environment parameters of an individual greenhouse in the autumn-winter period

The fifth-generation greenhouses are a modern automated complex that ensures the maintenance of an optimal microclimate in them at any time of the year. The purpose of the study is to determine the average values of the main microclimatic indicators of an individual greenhouse with soil solar heating, providing year-round production of vegetable products and reducing electricity consumption for the operation of power equipment. The article presents a research procedure for conducting experimental studies to determine the temperature regime and humidity in a greenhouse that individually operates autonomously in the autumn-winter period, without being connected to the grid of the southern zone in the Rostov region. There have been presented the results of thermometry of the internal environment of the greenhouse from October 2020 to March 2021, as well as those of the humidity inside the greenhouse complex in a specific period. There have been built graphs of changes in the physical factors of the internal environment of an individual greenhouse in comparison with climatic conditions in a specific zone. It has been determined that the average air temperature in the greenhouse during November and January of 2020-2021 is 10 ºС in the morning and 15 ºС in the evening. The average humidity in an individual greenhouse during daylight hours fluctuates within insignificant limits and amounts to 70-75% with slight deviations on days with high air temperature. The results obtained have shown that the temperature and humidity indicators in an individual greenhouse, equipped with soil solar heating, correspond to the normal growth and development of plants in the autumn-winter period. Studies have shown that the use of soil solar heating in an enclosed space allow to reduce electricity costs of greenhouse energy equipment and grow vegetable products year-round with a minimum cost.