Investigation of products of catalytic pyrolysis of oil-containing wastes

In this paper, we present the results of an investigation of gaseous and liquid pyrolysis products of oily waste produced in the presence of metal-based catalysts. Early studies have shown that the most active in the process of destruction of petroleum hydrocarbons were the metal chlorides of the iron subgroup. The greatest yield of valuable gaseous and liquid products was observed in the presence of cobalt chloride. The optimum catalyst content is 5% by weight. In the pyrolysis of oily waste in the presence of cobalt chloride, the yield of gaseous and liquid products was 65% and 16% by weight. respectively. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of gaseous and liquid pyrolysis products in the presence of cobalt chloride was carried out. The composition of the gaseous products was determined by gas chromatography. Gaseous products were a mixture of hydrocarbons C1-C4, hydrogen, oxide and nitrogen dioxide. The use of cobalt chloride in the pyrolysis process increased the content of C1-C4 hydrocarbons in the gaseous products by 2.2 times in comparison with the products of the non-catalytic process. Liquid products were investigated by IR spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and calorimetry. Liquid products were a mixture of aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The main components of liquid products were alkanes of a linear and branched structure. Analysis of liquid products showed that they can be used as a jet fuel. For the purpose of using them as diesel fuel, it is necessary to carry out the cleaning and refining steps. Separate components of liquid pyrolysis products can be raw materials for the chemical industry.