Investigation of the influence of the trajectory of particles in the coulter seed tube when sowing grain crops

The article considers the influence of the design of the seed tube and fertilizer tube of a seeder for sowing grain and leguminous crops with simultaneous pre-sowing cultivation, the application of mineral granular fertilizers and strip soil compaction during sowing, mainly on such agrobackgrounds as stubble and stubble without moldboard, and the cultivation of fallows. The trajectory and speed of movement of particles (seeds, fertilizer granules) when sowing grain crops with a seeder, as well as their influence on the quality of sowing and the application of fertilizers were studied. It has been established that the material and shape of the seed tube and the fertilizer tube are selected in order to provide the least resistance to the movement of particles in them. However, during the assembly of the unit and in its further operation, a lot of bends are formed along the seed tube, preventing the movement of particles, which negatively affects the uniformity of seed and fertilizer placement in the soil. Determining the influence of the trajectory and speed of movement of particles (seeds, fertilizer granules) in the coulter seed tube when sowing grain crops is considered on the example of the design of the seeding machine SKP-2.1, with the working body of a serial coulter with a lancet share (serial coulter). When studying the trajectory and speed of movement of particles, the seed tube is divided into sections, each of which has its own bend and angle of inclination α relative to the direction to the center of gravity. The forces acting on the particle in each of the sections were determined, which made it possible to calculate the angles and coefficient of friction of the particle in each sections and then in the seed tube as a whole.