Sources of increased productivity of tubers for potato breeding in the Far East

Relevance. In the difficult natural and climatic conditions of the Far Eastern region of the Russian Federation, there is a need for a comprehensive study of the source material to create modern competitive varieties with ontogenetic adaptation that can adapt to external conditions. The relevance of research is to mobilize the potato gene pool and study promising source material for potato breeding. Materials and methods. The goal of research is to identify sources of economically useful traits based on a comprehensive study of the source material to create high-yielding varieties of potatoes resistant to negative bio- and abiotic environmental factors. The object of research is domestic and foreign varieties of the collection nursery of potato of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean. The studies were carried out in the natural and climatic conditions of the Amur region on meadow chernozem soil of the experimental field of FSBSI ARSRI of Soybean in 2015-2019 years in accordance with the methods generally accepted for potato culture. Results. Varieties Fermer, Yubilyar, Zhukovskiy ranniy, Krinitsa, Rodrigo, Natasha, Delphin and Zolskiy showed stable productivity by years of research and the variation coefficient of the trait was 10.8...18.1%. Stable high tuberous productivity of plantings over the years was identified in varieties Zolskiy, Rodrigo and Natasha - 27.0-28.8 t/ha, its variation coefficient was from 15.4 to 18.1%. Varieties Delphin, Impala and Vulkan were characterized by high (over 98%) marketability of tubers. The use of the specified collection samples as parent forms when crossing in various hybrid combinations will make it possible to obtain highly productive offspring for further use in potato breeding.