Historical images of actual parents in the legislation of the XIX century

The author turns to the study of the period of history in which the first theoretical and legislative ideas related to the separation of different forms of family structure and upbringing of a child arose. Identifying among these forms phenomena similar to actual parenting and, derived from it, the phenomenon of actual upbringing, the author focuses on two points that are significant for correcting modern views on these scientific and theoretical constructions. The first one is connected with the logical and historical analysis of the facts indicating that, as an independent phenomenon, actual parenthood was quite clearly separated from legal parenthood during the development of the draft Civil Code of the Russian Empire. The second refers to the essential features of this phenomenon, first identified by the project developers.