Historical, legal and cultural prerequisites for the revival of theological education in post-Soviet Russia

The article is devoted to the definition of ideological and socio-cultural prerequisites for the formation and development of theological education in post-Soviet Russia. The starting point is the inseparability of theological education from the Church, while at the same time understanding that theology represents the historical and logical beginning of scientific knowledge, located both inside and outside the boundaries of science. The main milestones of the development of theology in Russian history are described, the historical, social and cultural prerequisites for the revival of theological education are analyzed and conceptualized, the historical foundations of the genesis and stages of the formation of theological education in Russia are identified, the normative documents regulating the opening of a new direction of training in secular universities are analyzed, the place and content of theology in the system of domestic higher education are determined, the relationship between academic and ecclesiastical theology in determining its standards and principles is discussed. The author attempts to identify the foundations and socio-cultural contexts of the revival of university theological education in the Russian Federation at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The article focuses on the role and place of the Russian Orthodox Church in the process of the formation of theological education in post-Soviet Russia in the context of its interaction with the scientific, pedagogical and academic community.