The history of the localization of the St. Tryphon Pechenga Monastery in the late 19th-early 20th centuries

One of the northernmost monasteries in Russia is the St. Tryphon Pechenga Monastery, which was founded in the middle of the 16th century. The monastery is located beyond the Arctic Circle, in the extreme northwest of the Kola Peninsula, near the border with Norway, and since the 16th century it had buildings in different parts of the peninsula. Within several centuries the landscape of the area of the Kola North has changed, many settlements and villages ceased to exist. Based on archival data, studies of scientists and historians, as well as the memories of travelers, the article systematizes the history of the localization of Pechenga Monastery, including its metochia and household outbuildings located in different places, from 1881 to 1920. This was the time when St. Tryphon Pechenga Monastery reached its highest peak, occupying vast territories and having significant influence on the life of the population of the Murmansk coast. The main task of the article is to draw attention to the geographical factor of the study of the history of monasteries using the example of the St. Tryphon Pechenga Monastery.