History of the development of Chinese agricultural machinery with the assistance of the Soviet Union

The study is devoted to an urgent, but a little-studied topic - the history of the development of Chinese agriculture. An attempt is made to show the role of the USSR in the creation and maintenance of the national agroindustrial complexes of New China in the second half of the XX century. On the basis of sources and periodicals published in Chinese, the main stages of the development of Chinese industry and agriculture are characterized with- in the framework of the concept of four modernizations in the PRC. Since 1954, when cultivating the land, China began to replace horses with tractors, combines, etc. The far-sighted Chinese government quickly realized that the purchase of imported cars would not be able to meet the people's needs for food security, so the plan for China's first five-year development included a reduction in the import of foreign equipment and the organization of its domestic production, as well as the development of heavy industry, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, and the electric power industry. The development of each of the sectors of the economy was carried out with the help of Soviet specialists and on the basis of drawings of Soviet machines. In the course of analyzing the history of the development of agriculture on the territory of the PRC, the following conclusions were drawn: 1) in the second half of the 20th century, the modernization of China's agriculture began "under the supervision" of Soviet engineers and agricultural workers in the northeastern provinces bordering the USSR (for example, Heilongjiang province) ; 2) the development of technology took place in 4 stages - "implementation", "copying", "adaptation" and "rooting". Despite the mentorship of the USSR, China was able not only to master imported equipment, but also to improve it in accordance with its own needs and ideas, that is, China managed to become a creator from an imitator. Nevertheless, the PRC has not forgotten the assistance of the USSR in 156 Chinese economic and strategic projects, in the liberation of the Motherland from the Japanese invaders and hopes for productive mutually beneficial cooperation and strengthening of friendship between the Russians and the Chinese.