Changes in gingival microcirculation parameters in rats with experimental periodontitis under the influence of gel containing microcapsules loaded with vitamin D

Objective: to evaluate the effect of local application of dental gel with microencapsulated vitamin D on gingival microcirculation parameters in experimental periodontitis in white rats. Material and methods. A total of 60 white rats were studied (15 in each of the 4 groups): control group – intact animals; comparison group – rats with periodontitis at week 3; placebo group – rats with periodontitis treated with a gel containing microcapsules of silver nanoparticles 0.1; experimental group – rats with periodontitis that had a gel applied to their gum surface containing microcapsules with vitamin D. Microcirculation was investigated using laser Doppler flowmetry on day 21 of the experiment. Results. At the week 3 of the experiment, the comparison group of animals showed an increase in perfusion and a change in both active and passive mechanisms of blood flow modulation. The gel containing AgNP partially reduced the perfusion index by 13% and moderately corrected endothelial-dependent fluctuations, compared to the animals with periodontitis. The use of a gel containing vitamin D in microcapsules as an active component in the experimental group of animals was accompanied by a 15% decrease in the perfusion index compared to the animals with periodontitis at 3 weeks. The amplitude of endothelial oscillations in the experimental group decreased by 42% compared to the comparison group. Neurogenic and myogenic fluctuations in the group treated with a vitamin D-containing gel were 47 and 43% lower, respectively, compared to the periodontitis-affected animals at 3 weeks. Conclusion. The use of a gel containing vitamin D in microcapsules normalizes the microcirculatory parameters of the gums in rats with experimental periodontitis.