Changes in the visa and visa-free regime between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Persian Gulf countries (1991-2025): impact on economic, cultural and tourism cooperation

This article provides a political analysis of the changes in the visa and visa-free regime between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Persian Gulf countries, such as Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and Bahrain, in the period from 1991 to 2025. The analysis of the stages of visa policy development and its impact on international economic, cultural and tourism cooperation is carried out, and the introduction of visa-free entry for citizens of these countries from January 4, 2025 is described. The expected consequences of this step include the growth of tourist flows, the strengthening of bilateral business and cultural ties, as well as the creation of favorable conditions for attracting foreign investment. Based on the analysis of changes in visa regulation, the risks and challenges associated with the increase in migration flows are identified, and the possibilities that visa liberalization opens up for strengthening diplomatic and cultural ties are discussed.