Studying the adaptive ability of soybean collection samples of the mid-season group in the conditions of the Amur region

The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive agro-ecological assessment of collection samples of soybeans of the mid-ripening group in the soil and climatic conditions of the south of the Amur Region in order to select parental forms when creating a new source material. The study was carried out in the field crop rotation of the laboratory of selection and primary seed production of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center of the All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans, p. Sadovoye, the Tambov District, the AmurRregion. The study presnts the results of 47 soybean samples of the mid-season group of the collection nursery in terms of adaptability, plasticity and stability in the conditions of the southern agricultural zone of the Amur Region in 2018-2022 an analysis of yield variability was carried out. The average yield of soybean seeds in the years of the study was 3.14 t/ha 37 samples were noted, exceeding the standard variety Dauria (2.90 t/ha) by 0.04-0.93 t/ha according to yield data; 28 - with a high coefficient of adaptability (1.00-1.22); 4 samples with a high level of ecological plasticity and 23 numbers with a high stability of response to changing environmental conditions were identified. The analysis of the study made it possible to identify 11 most productive samples of soybeans - Heihe 12, Heihe 19, Heihe 43, Hei 3308, Hei 11-475, Hei 11-1161, Hei 13-3387-4, Hei 13-3553-2, Hei 13-3619-1, №. 5 - 2014 J 45, and № 9 - hh 1692, reliably and consistently exceeding the standard in terms of productivity by 0.33-0.93, with a high level of adaptability under conditions of the Amur region (Ca = 1.03-1.22), with a slight variability in yield over the years (V = 1.81-6.87), of which high-intensity type samples responsive to improved cultivation conditions include: Heihe 43 (V = 6.23 %; Ca = 1.22; bi = 1.25; Si2 = 0.09) and № 5 - 2014 J 45 (V = 4.37 %; Ca = 1.16; bi = 1.01; Si2 = 0.05). These genotypes are of practical interest as initial parental forms in breeding for productivity and adaptability in the conditions of the Amur Region.