The research of the Phloxpaniculata L. flowering biological features

Relevance. To meet the demand of the domestic consumer and the effective import substitution of foreign breeding varieties, Garden phlox (Phlox paniculata L.) needs to breed new varieties with high decorative properties, stability and unpretentiousness. A prerequisite for successful generative reproduction of flowering plants to obtain new forms and varieties is the production of fertile, morphologically complete pollen. Methodology. The purpose of this work is to study the biological features of garden phlox flowering and pollination as part of the breeding process optimization and selecting promising parent pairs. The research was carried out for 2 years (2022-2023) in open ground conditions on the basis of the garden phlox domestic varieties bioresource collection on the territory of the Tsitsin’s Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The peculiarities of the varieties flowering and pollination biology, by assessing the viability of pollen, were studied during the mass flowering phase in 11 varieties selected for their prospects for breeding using methods for assessing pollen viability by staining pollen with acetocarmine and using the M. Alexander method.