Growth heterosis study in barley F1 hybrids

The article presents the results of an analysis of the level of heterosis, and the degree of phenotypic dominance observed in F1 hybrids when plants are crossed between barley germplasms obtained from ICARDA and local varieties of barley. Germplasms PENCO/CHEVRON-BAR/3/ ARUPO/K8755 // MORA CBSS04Y00065S-11Y 1M-0Y-0M-0Y- IBYT-HI, Libya/F6NB_7ICB02-0178-OAP-10TR-OAP-INBYT, MSEL/PFC9214 CBS S01 M00318S-0M-0M-1Y-1 M-OY-IBON-HI, SHENMAI N0.3/MSEL // CANELA/CBSS04Y00367T-A-2Y-2M-0Y-0M-0Y-IBON-HI, TOCTE/3/MJA/BRB2 // QUINA/4/PETUNIA 1 CBSS02Y00362S-0M-0M-2Y-1M-OY-IBON-HI, Barjouj/7/ICNBF8-616/6/Cel/WI2269 // Ore/3/AthsNew/4/Mcu59/Mcul // Moch/5/Rta’S ICB 01-1226-7TR-OTR OAP and local varieties such as Karabakh 7, Karabakh 22, Karabakh 23, Kudretli 48, Baharly, Jalilabad-19. The fertility of flowers in reciprocal hybrid combinations obtained with these parental forms, it was 32.3-57.5%. Most of the analyzed F1 hybrids showed heterosis in plant growth. The degree of phenotypic dominance in combinations varied within +0.5-2.5, and the degree of heterosis - within +1.0-8.6%. The highest heterosis is observed in the following combinations: Karabakh 22 × PENCO/CHEVRON-BAR/3/ ARUPO/K8755 // MORA CBSS04Y00065S-11Y 1M-0Y-0M-0Y (IBYT-HI) (+5.9%), Baharly × Kudretli 48 (+6.4%) and SHENMAI N0.3/MSEL // CANELA CBSS 04Y 00367T-A-2Y-2M-0Y-0M-0Y (IBON-HI) × MSEL/PFC9214 CBS S01 M00318S-0M-0M-1Y-1 M-OY (IBON-HI) (+8.6%). True heterosis was positive in 68.7% of combinations and negative in 25%. In 6.25% of the combinations, heterosis was not observed.