Study of hybrid potato populations in the Amur region

The study presents the results of a comparative assessment of potato hybrids in a competitive trial nursery. The purpose of research is to identify promising potato hybrids with a complex of economically valuable traits, resistant to cancer and golden potato nematode, to create a new variety. Research objectives are to identify genotypes with increased tuber productivity, based on an assessment of the production potential; to find out hybrids with high adaptive capacity; to assess the field resistance of promising samples to the most harmful phytopathogens; to determine the main indicators of consumer qualities of tubers and single out the best varieties. The evaluation of the hybrid material of potatoes was carried out in the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FRC All-Russian Research Institute of Soybeans in the village Sadovoe of the Amur Region. The studies were carried out during 2016-2019 against the background of difficult meteorological conditions, during the growing season of the crop, negatively affecting the growth, development of plants, the formation of tubers, the size and quality of the yield. As a result of research, genetic sources were identified, including hybrid combinations with the origin of Gala x Bora Volleg II, Koskar x Verdi II, Leader x Symphony and Nikita x Camellia, which have an increased tuber productivity at the level of 32-34 tons per hectare, the marketability of tubers is 97-100 %, and an average mass of tubers in the nest from 0.63 to 2.25 kg, with high phytopathogenic resistance, and consumer qualities of tubers. Three hybrids, studied against the background of the complete absence of external signs of viral degenerations, showed complex resistance to a number of harmful fungal diseases. The selected hybrids were characterized by high resistance to cancer and nematodes. The dry matter content in the tubers of the studied combinations was 22-24 %, starch - 17-19 %, ascorbic acid - 14.5-20.4 mg/100g. The singled out genetic sources with increased tuber productivity, high resistance to major diseases and better consumer qualities of tubers are recommended for use in practical potato breeding.