Investigation of gradient fields of the earth surface based on satellite data

To determine the horizontal structure of the physical and biological heterogeneities calculated are time-space gradients based on long-term satellite data. AVHRR MCSST, CZCS, SeaWIFS, MIRAS AQUARIUS, MODIS, MSS and NOAA, TERRA, AQUA, SPOT, LANDSAT picture images were used as input satellite data. Satellite data was used to calculate mean gradient fields of temperature, salinity and chlorophyll concentration in the ocean for different periods of time. The software calculates and averages the horizontal gradients in the ocean for different grids. Calculations are also made to find zonal, meridian, and absolute gradients, pointing to main frontal zones. The gradient fields and their high values give us information about spatial distribution of main frontal zones in the ocean. For study of the gradient field surface in aquatic systems realized is the averaging algorithm for dynamic object. Gradient of land surface shows changes of relief as steady state object. Space-time variability of gradient fields in the ocean has been received. Here we used satellite data on sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity and chlorophyll concentration. The main stage of research is evaluation of statistical correlation between gradients of temperature and chlorophyll concentration, which suggests a combined effect of physical and biological processes. Horizontal temperature and turbidity fields were considered for small object as Lake Shira (Russia, Khakasia) based on satellite data. Gradient zones of land relief were tested on satellite images. In this case, software ENVI 4.7 and IDL were used to calculate absolute (modulo) gradients surface height. Though idealized, our results suggest the importance of surface gradient parameters for the measuring from space.