Studying of changes in soil properties as a result of agricultural impact

The study of the properties of the soil cover is of great practical and research importance. Soils are the material basis of agriculture. Due to the formation of natural and anthropogenic systems - agricultural landscapes - the natural properties of the soil change significantly, which determines the loss of fertility. Mechanical impact during soil cultivation entails a change in the natural processes of soil formation, a change in the agrochemical and agrophysical properties. The changes in water and air regimes due to anthropogenic pressure have a negative impact on the fertility of the soil cover and are accompanied by a decrease in the productivity of agricultural systems. The study of the physical properties of the soil cover has a long history. As a rule, most of the research was due to the design of reclamation measures when physical properties changed because of the agrogenic impact. In the ecological monitoring system of the soil cover state, the assessment of the soil physical properties plays an important role, since it affects the processes of mass and energy exchange in the agricultural landscapes, determining the level of its stability. The assessment of the agricultural machinery impact on the physical properties of the agrolandscapes soil cover is necessary to ensure the sustainable and productive functioning of agrolandscapes. The impact of various processing methods and types of agricultural machinery on the soils physical properties is analyzed in the article. Soil density is taken as a generalized indicator of the physical state of soils, or assessment of soil suitability for crop cultivation. The optimal value of soil density must be known when developing various agrotechnical methods, for evaluating the operation of agricultural implements, in studying the issues of soil cultivation, and the compacting effect of machinery on the soil.