Study collection of varieties of flax in subtaiga zone of Omsk region

For the first time in subtaiga zone of Omsk region a collection of fiber flax varieties of Tomsk, Belarusian and Dutch selection has been studied. In studies, carried out in 2013-2014, the field and laboratory methods are used. The article describes the material of studying of 17 varieties. The soil of pilot area is gray, forest, podzolized, medium-loamy with humus content of 3-4%. The research results showed that weather conditions greatly influenced the growth, development and yield formation. Because of the cold and wet weather in 2014, the period from germination to early yellow ripeness of flax has increased in comparison with 2013 year by 1.5-2 weeks depending on the variety. The phase early yellow ripeness of early varieties - Tomsk 16, Tomsk 17, Memory to Krepkov, Laska, Yarok, Levit, Melina - came through 70-73 days after seedlings emergence. Most late-ripening varieties - TOST 5, Vasilek, Blockit, Bonita and Elektra- reached a phase of early yellow maturity in 80 days. The study identified the best (in terms of productivity and quality of fiber) varieties of flax TOST 5, Yarok and Iva, which can be recommended for cultivation in subtaiga zone of Omsk region. The variety of Tomsk selection Tost 5 is characterized by a longer growing season, yields of flax straw was 4.61 t/ha, which is 40% higher than the standard of Tomsk 16 seeds - 0.87 t/ha, the fiber output is 25%, straw number is 3.0. The yield of flax straw of Belarusian breeding varieties Yarok and Iva was 4.63 t/ha, seeds - 0.85-0.86 t/ha, the yield of fiber is 26-27%, flax straw number is 3.0. Dutch varieties were less adapted to the growing conditions and inferior to both the yield and quality of fiber.