Studying the patterns of accumulation of radioisotopes of natural and man-made origin using the example of the aboveground part of the wormwood of the bitter flora of the urbanized territories of the Central Black Earth region

Radionuclides are currently to the most dangerous ecotoxicants, due to their high resistance, wide distribution, ability to biogenic migration and cumulation in living organisms. The purpose of this study was to study the patterns of accumulation of radionuclides of natural and man-made origin in the synanthropic flora of the Voronezh region using the example of the aboveground part of bitter wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.). All studied samples of plant raw materials prepared in natural and artificial phytocenoses of the Voronezh region meet the existing radiation safety requirements (first group). Correlation analysis of the specific activity of artificial and natural radionuclides in the soil and the aboveground part of the bitter wormwood showed a close relationship between these numerical indicators, which confirmed their predominant transposed pollution. The results of the study showed that with an increase in the specific activity of natural and man-made radionuclides in the soil, their specific activity increased in the above-ground part of the bitter wormwood. The accumulation coefficients of strontium-90, cesium-137, potassium-40 from soils in bitter wormwood grass tended to decrease as the specific activity of radionuclides in the soil increased, indicating the presence of physiological mechanisms for regulating their entry into the plant, and thoria-232, radia-226, on the contrary, increased, which indicates high phytoremediation abilities of the species in relation to these isotopes. For the first time, the patterns and mathematical dependencies of the accumulation of technogenic and natural radionuclides in bitter wormwood grass revealed as a result of the study make it possible to predict the peculiarities of contamination of plant raw materials with these ecotoxicants.