The effectiveness of microbiological fertilizers on spring wheat in the Tula region

One of the elements of biologization is soil and plant application of beneficial microorganisms by means of special drugs treatment. The research goal was to improve the agro technology of spring wheat cultivation at the account of applying new microbial drugs. The experiment was carried out at Tula Agricultural Research Institute in 2014-2016 on the deeply leached middle loamy chernozem typical for the north forest steppe zone, predecessors - maize for silos in 2014-2015, oat in 2016. Grain yield on control was in 2014 - 4.42 t/ha; in 2015 - 3.45 t/ha; in 2016 - 3.59 t/ha. At the expense mineral fertilizers application it increased by 0.2; 0.22 and 0.59 t/ha by years correspondingly. Plant treatment with microbiological drug Azolen Zh twice in the vegetation period increased these indicators by 0,52t/ha in 2014; by 0.51 t/ha in 2015 and by 0.25 t/ha in 2016. Plant treatment with biologic drug Metilotrofin increased yield in 2014 by 1.42 t/ha; in 2015 by 0.48 t/ha and in 2016 by 0.4 t/ha. Plant treatment on variants with mineral fertilizers application obtained the best results: Azolen Zh put on 1.96 t/ha in 2014; 0.54 t/ha in 2015 and 0.87 t/ha in 2016, Metilotrofin - 1.9; 0.58 and 1.25 t/ha by years correspondingly. Optimal ways of microbiological drugs application in agro technology of spring wheat cultivation are grounded. It is proved that in droughty weather conditions the combination of mineral and microbiological fertilizers increased the content of protein and wet gluten in grain. The comparative analysis of effectiveness of drugs based on microorganism living culture (Azolen Zh and Metilotrofin) is carried out. Economic efficiency of biological drugs on the background and without mineral fertilizers is determined.