Efficiency of soybean cultivation depending on the method of sowing and seeding rate

The article presents the results of experiments on comparing the methods of sowing and the seeding rate of soybeans and their impact on yield. An ordinary method of sowing soybeans and a wide-row method with a variation of the seeding rate are compared. The experiment was conducted in connection with the search for a balance between the bushiness of the plant and the area of nutrition of its root system. The results of the experiment on sowing soybeans with a row spacing of 19 cm and 38 cm, the results of yield measurements as well as the economic indicators of the conducted experiment are presented. The experiments were carried out using soy seeds of the Commander variety, which has proven itself well in the Central Chernozem region of Russia in general and in the Orel region in particular. The highest yield of soybeans was obtained with a sowing method with a row spacing of 38 cm and a seeding rate of 100 kg / ha. The result obtained is justified by the friendly development of soybeans and the rapid "shading" of the row spacing, due to it, photosynthesis improves, which contributes to the better formation of the vegetative mass of the plant and grain, respectively. The article also discusses the issue of re-equipment of the John Deere sowing complex for sowing soybean seeds with a row spacing of 38 cm. The most cost-effective method of sowing soybean seeds according to the data obtained is row spacing 38 cm, seeding rate 100 kg / ha. The (possible) profit with this method of sowing soybeans will be 20,867 rubles. The results of the experiments were obtained in the fields of the RSPC "Integration" of the Orel SAU and are typical for this area, if the experiment is repeated in other conditions, the results may differ.