Ecodiagnostic indicators of gray-brown soil (kastanozems) and participation of micro-organisms in the formation of fertility

The article presents the general physical and geographical location of the terrain, geomorphological and geological structure, climatic condition, soil and vegetation cover of the Lesser Caucasus, the results of soil microorganisms of gray-brown (Kastanozems) soils under grain are considered and analyzed. The studies were conducted in 2018-2019. in the field and in the laboratory by conventional methods. It was found that the number of aerobic diazotroph in the rhizosphere from May to July varies considerably. Changes depend on crop development and the greatest number and activity was observed in June. Activation of bacteria in agrophytocenosis winter grain falls on dairy phase and waxy hundred related to high soil moisture and temperature.