Environmental assessment of the intensity of heavy metal accumulation in agroecosystems on technogenic contaminated soils

The establishment of the degree of degradation changes and anthropogenic transformation of soils of agricultural lands is relevant and is of theoretical significance for the assessment of peculiarities of the manifestation and development of elementary soil processes on agricultural lands and determines the practical need for agro-ecological and hygienic assessment of soils in the areas of development of negative processes which deteriorate the quality of the land, with the aim of developing recommendations, aimed at preventing and reducing the negative anthropogenic impact on ecosystems. The article presents the established results on the degree of anthropogenic impact of beet sugar production waste (defecate) on the accumulation of heavy metals in the arable layer of gray forest soils. The data obtained convincingly prove the influence of sugar production waste defecate on the change in the concentration of heavy metals in the humus horizon of gray forest soil and the value of the concentration coefficients and the total accumulation of metals in the soil. Also, the foregoing allows to conclude that almost all the studied metals with regard to their mobile forms the high exceedances and significant coefficients of concentration or abnormal, as well as concentration of their total accumulation in the soils of disturbed areas, reaching such values as 8.2-245.9 units that determine the occurrence of toxic levels of heavy metal concentrations and their detrimental carcinogenic, mutagenic inhibitory effect on the organisms and as a result, deterioration and reduction of soil fertility. The established levels of accumulation of heavy metals in soils of disturbed areas are the result of soil contamination during storage of defecate and its uneven distribution in the arable horizon of the soil, as well as the influence of root systems of weed and tree-shrub vegetation as a result of the consumption of heavy metals by their root systems and subsequent redistribution and creation of places of concentration in the soil of the studied metals, which ultimately lead to damage to soils as environmental objects and means of agricultural production.