Ecological tests of cotton varieties from Iran in Astrakhan region

The research objective was to give economic and biological assessment of the varieties of the Iranian selection grown up in the conditions of Astrakhan Region. The research problem was the definition of the influence of the conditions of Astrakhan Region on the growth, development and efficiency of the varieties of the cotton of the Iranian selection. The researches were conducted on 5 varieties from Iran: KHORSHID, SAHDI, GOZESTAH, KHORDAD, JEPID out from 2017 to 2019 to VNIIOOB (Branch FSBSI ‘CFA RC’ RAS) under drop irrigation. In the experiments morphological (the quantity of monopodia and simpodia) and biometric indicators (the plants’ height) were considered individually on the plants. The data were processed by statistical method - average arithmetic and its error (X±SX) and the coefficient of variation (V) were determined by the technique of B. A. Dospekhov’s field experiment. The length of the fiber of the cotton was measured manually on Mauyer's board. On ecological indicators the Iranian varieties grown up in the conditions of Astrakhan Region were up to the standard or exceeded the AS-1 standard. It was revealed that the varieties of the Iranian selection KHORDAD, GOZESTAH, JEPID surpassed the standard in the exit and the length of the fiber by 2.1-2.5 % and 0.9-1.5 mm respectively, but conceded in the mass of one boll and 1 plant efficiency. Depending on the year of cultivation these indicators fluctuated from 4.6 to 6.3 g in the mass of one boll; from 33.0 to 38.9 % - in the fiber exit; from 33.7 to 39.6 mm - in the length of the fiber and from 36.2 to 110.7 g - in the efficiency of one plant depending on the variety. The density of standing of 140 thousand plants, in the presence of not less than 5 pieces of ripened bolls on the plant with 1 boll’s weigh from 5.0 g and more was necessary for receiving the planned crop of 3.0-3.5 t/hectare of cotton raw material. On economic and valuable signs the varieties of KHORDAD, JEPID, GOZESTAH were allocated. The exit of the fiber made 37.0-37.8 %, the fiber length - 38.2-39.2 mm.