Ecological testing of leguminous crops on the Shatilovskaya agricultural experiment station

The share of legumes in the structure of crops undergoing ecological varietal testing at the Shatilovskaya agricultural experiment station is 25%. Since 2014 more than 80 varieties from more than 20 domestic and foreign research institutions and breeding centers of legumes have been studied, 76 varieties have been tested for 2 or more years. The purpose of the research was to identify new varieties and hybrids of leguminous crops, characterized by a complex of economically useful traits, including high productivity and ecological plasticity when cultivated in the Central Black Earth region of the Russian Federation. The results of a long-term environmental test showed that the yield level for lentils is 2.1 t / ha, peas - 2.2 t / ha, beans and common vetch - 2.5 t / ha, beans and chick peas - 3.0 t / ha, soybeans and vetchling - 3.1 t / ha, lupine - 3.4 t / ha. The highest yield in the conditions of the Oryol region was formed by sowing pea varieties (2.5 t / ha and above) Nemchinovsky 100 (Moscow Research Institute of Agriculture), Dudar (Voronezh Research Institute of Agriculture), Cadet (DZRIA), Ulyanovets, Yubilyar, Decree (Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture), Volzhanin (Samara Research Institute of Agriculture), Vatan, Boar (Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture), Optimus (All Russian Research Institute of Leguminous Crops), In Memory of Khangildin (Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture); soybeans (3.4 t / ha and above) Krasivaya mecha (All Russian Research Institute of Leguminous Crops), Victoria, Belgorod 8 (Belgorod GAU); lupine (3.9 t / ha and above) Scarlet sail, Dega, Desniansky 2 and Smena (All Russian Research Institute of lupine); common vetch (2.9 t / ha and above) Allsorts, Nikolskaya (All Russian Research Institute of Leguminous Crops, Shatilovskaya agricultural experiment station); beans (2.6 t / ha and above) Strela, Shokoladnitsa (All Russian Research Institute of Leguminous Crops). Also, Streletsky broad beans (3.4 t / ha), Eastern lentils (2.4 t / ha), Avat chickpea (3.0 t / ha), Slavyanka rank (3.1 t / ha) were also distinguished by a high level of productivity.