Ecological state of Rostov oblast soils at using the technology of direct sowing

It was made the research the influence of different agrotechnologies on the ecological and biological state of soils. The influence of the 7-year application of No-Till technology is shown on the example of agricultural enterprises of Rostov oblast in comparison with traditional land cultivation. In 2016 the physical and biological properties of ordinary chernozems changed as a result of dynamic research. The soil density and penetration resistance increase in the experimental fields in comparison with the control ones, treated according to the traditional technology. The soil temperature differs insignificantly, regardless of the treatment system. The intensity of carbon dioxide production by the soil and cellulose activity of soils are higher in areas, treated by direct seeding technology than in areas, treated with traditional technologies in most cases. A significant seasonal dynamics of the studied parameters is revealed, independent of the soil treatment regime, but showing itself to varying degrees in fields with different treatments. Humidity in the fields of direct sowing is even higher in the drought period than in fields with plowing. Density and penetration resistance increase at all sites under study by the end of the season, but more on fields with No-Till technology. Respiration and cellulose activity also changed significantly depending on the season, but their variability is mainly due to the temperature and humidity of the sites, rather than the way they are processed.