Ecological and economic efficiency of technological processes of wastewater treatment

The article deals with the ecological and economic challenges and ways to solve them. Water bodies are an essential component of the natural environment and a source of fresh water, therefore prevention of their pollution as is a priority. The article highlights the negative human impact on water bodies; special attention is given to wastewater treatment (WT). The article shows that the increase of ecological and economic efficiency of wastewater treatment can be Associate d with the use of flotation technology. Harmful substances enter the atmosphere from industrial emissions and return with atmospheric precipitation to the ground, contaminating soil and water bodies. In today's Russia the share of wastewater that passed through treatment does not exceed 65%. Approximately third part of population in Russia uses untreated water, as is very dangerous for health and is not conducive to safety. Man makes extensive use of natural water after its required treatment and preparing in its economic activity - in household activities, in industry, in agricultural production. High purity water is needed for a number of industries: food processing, semiconductors and phosphors, nuclear engineering, as well as for medical purposes, to perform chemical analysis and so on. Catchment areas and water bodies (surface and underground) are intensively polluted by toxic air pollutants, water pollutants, landfill leachate (forms at the municipal solid waste disposals). Therefore, treatment of wastewater as part of environmental engineering, services of ecosystems and protected areas is becoming increasingly important.