Economic efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers at cultivation of maize

The modern hybrids of maize have high potential productivity; however, because of insufficiently balanced mineral nutrition and negative impact of different stresses they realize their genetic potential only for 30-50%. In this regard, the question of the optimization of maize mineral nutrition to increase their stress resistance and productivity is urgent. At the same time, it is no less important to solve a problem of increase in effectiveness of mineral fertilizers, which along with a yield gain must have high economic return. In this regard, the study of economic efficiency of different types and amounts of mineral fertilizer application at cultivation of grain maize in the conditions of the Oryol region was the purpose of our research. The object of the research was FAO 270 maize hybrid. The applied fertilizers were ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer 23:13:8, Easy Start (micro-granulated fertilizer with the high content of phosphorus and the balanced structure of minerals and nitrogen). It is stated that all mineral fertilizers regardless of the amount provided positive economic effect, at the same time the greatest rise of productivity at the level of 20.0-31.4% was observed because of ANP fertilizer application. The economic analysis of the results showed the greatest practicality of grain maize cultivation at NPK application in the form of ANP fertilizer in a dose of 100 kg/hectare, which along with the maximum profit (22.7 thousand rubles) and production profitability (79%) provided high agronomical efficiency by the increase of culture productivity by 16 c/hectare. It is discovered that along with the high agronomical value of micro-granulated fertilizer Easy Start, its application in the maize agrocoenosis is not efficient from the economic point of view because of the high cost of this fertilizer and low economic return.