Economic aspects of the activation of innovative and technological development at the macro level in the Russian Federation

The factors influencing the dynamics of innovative and technological development of the Russian Federation in the context of the influence of external and internal factors are considered in the article. The relevance of this study is due to the significance of these processes in ensuring national and economic security, as well as the sovereignty and competitiveness of the Russian economy in foreign and domestic markets. The authors consider the dynamics of indicators of the level of innovative activity of organizations, the volume of innovative goods and services, the number of advanced production technologies used and developed, as well as indicators characterizing structural, innovative and technological changes in the economy of the Russian Federation for 2017-2021 and the main directions of state policy in the field of scientific and technological development. In the course of the study, the authors revealed a decrease in the level of innovative activity of organizations by 2.7%, however, the dynamics of the value of this indicator is characterized by multidirectional: from 2017 to 2019, there is a decrease of 5.5%, and from 2019 to 2021, an increase of 2.8%, which is comparable with the dynamics of the costs of technological innovations of organizations, the volume of innovative goods and services. services in the Russian Federation increased by more than 44 percent, and the number of advanced manufacturing technologies used and developed increased by 6.89 and 55.9 percent, respectively, in annual terms. Over the corresponding period of time in the Russian economy, the share of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries in the gross domestic product increased by more than 8%, while the share of organizations that carried out technological innovations increased by 10.58%, and a significant increase is also noted in the volume of expenditures on technological innovations (+69.38%). However, the share of innovative goods in the total volume of goods shipped, works performed, and services decreased by almost 18%. Among the constraining factors of innovative and technological development are: insufficient level and decrease in innovative activity of organizations, with a general increase in the volume of innovative goods and services, their share in the total volume of goods shipped, works performed, services decreased to 5% in 2021.