Economic justification of zone placement of grain crop production depending on natural and climatic conditions of the region

Discussions on the problems of economic justification of zone placement of grain and legume crops production depending on the climatic conditions of the regions of the Russian Federation and identification of factors of formation and increase in productivity aren't new in the scientific research. Most of the scientists consider that the main classification groups of factors to increase productivity of grain crops are: natural, ecological, agro-engineering, economic ones. Natural factors are a state and quality of soils, weather and climatic conditions of cultures growth, the changes of solar activity which are followed by strengthening of radio emissions, magnetic storms, etc. The economic conditions are created by economic entities in the course of their production activity. To substantiate the directions of grain production increase it is necessary to use a system approach and take into consideration many interconnected and interdependent factors influencing the level of grain and leguminous crops productivity. At the same time one of the most important problems of the agrarian science is define the influence of fluctuations of weather conditions on the state of the agricultural production. A conceptual and methodical scheme of the zone placement monitoring research of grain crops production depending on climatic conditions of the region for the purpose of receiving high rates of productivity is approved in the presented material. By means of general scientific and econometric methods of the research an analysis of grain production in the Oryol region, including the analysis based on climatic zones is carried out, an assessment of the influence of various factors on increase of grain crops productivity is carried out, a tendency of the development of grain branch of the region is established, indicators of stability and fluctuation of levels are calculated, clustering of municipal districts of the Oryol region based on indicators and factors of increase in grain and leguminous crops productivity is carried out. The conclusion is drawn that climatic conditions of the Oryol region are capable to provide a steady growth of cereal crops productivity.