Economics as a science

A large number of new terms and their definitions are predetermined by the development of the entire economic science, which stands on their understanding among many scientists, which allowed, from the point of view of the historical and scientific process, to determine the general scheme of the development of the historical and scientific process, the main directions in the theory and methodology of research programs, etc., which were proposed by outstanding scientists, who have made a significant contribution to the understanding of economics from the point of view of science, such as: Thomas Kuhn, Imre Lakatos (outstanding philosophers of the twentieth century); Nobel laureates: Paul Samuelson; and others. Simon Kuznets, Vasily Leontiev, Friedrich von Hayek, Leonid Kantorovich, and many others. But how to build a system based on them, a structural and logical scheme of concepts? Are there any synonyms, “overlapping concepts” among them? This article is aimed at understanding this problem (in the formation of the conceptual and terminological apparatus of modern economics in conjunction with the prospect of its study, including in higher school), and this is its relevance. Such important directions of modern economic thought as “the space of conversations”, “collaborative economics”, “behavioral economics”, “information economics” are considered.