Ecotoxicological status of urbanozem and anthropogenically transformed light gray forest soils

In recent years, the actuality of processes research in urban ecosystems has been increasing. The research objective is the soil quality diagnostics (biotic, microbial and ecotoxicological indicators). Objects of study are the key parts of the highway "Kashirskoe", "Entuziastov", MKAD highways, the "Losiny Ostrov Park" area territory (Moscow city) and two key sections in the Dumchino village (the Orel region). The urban soil sanitary conditions in different remoteness from the "Enthusiastov" highway (Moscow) was assessed for chemical contamination degree indicators in comparison with the maximum permissible content levels. In all samples of urban soil a high concentration of benzopyrene in comparison with the maximum permissible concentration was detected. It is proved that the soils biotesting on anthropogenically altered lands concerning the plants germination and seedlings development (lawn grass, red clover and loose-bunch gramen seeds) provides the most reliable ecotoxicological soils assessment under different levels oftechnogenic pollutions and microorganisms responses. Change of heavy metals and microorganisms ecology-trophic groups accumulation and mobility in the urban soils depends on a source of pollution character, structure and properties of the anthropogenous transformed soils top layer. The article proves expediency of use as the test cultures major groups of organisms: producers (autotrophic plants), consumers and decomposers (reducing agents) to ensure assessment methods reliability of the environment ecological quality. The obtained data can be used in the environmental and sanitary-epidemiological status of anthropogenically transformed lands monitoring, the improvement of the geoecological estimation measures development for of the urbanized territories and monitoring of the ecological environment conditions.