Experimental muscle reinnervation by allogeneic biomaterials as an example of interlevel relationship restoration in the system

The purpose of the study is to reveal the morpho-functional relationship dynamics of allografts and the recipient's nervous system based on the experimental model of the mimic musculature reinnervation. Materials and Methods. The experiments were carried out on Chinchilla rabbits (n=36). Facial nerve transection has been performed on all animals. No other manipulations were performed in the control group (n=9); in the 1st experimental group (n=12) an autograft fragment of the masseter muscle with a neurovascular bundle was fixed to the denervated cheek muscle. In the second experimental group (n=15) a complex of allogeneic biomaterials namely, "Regeneration stimulator" and "Vasculogenesis stimulator" was inserted between specified muscles. The animals were removed from the experiment on the 10-th, 30-th, 60-th and 180-th days. Tissue pieces from the operation zone were analysed with the use of transmission electron microscopy method. Results. It was established that compensatory-restorative processes in the control and 1st experimental group ended in scarring of the border zone and contracture of the mimic muscles. In the second experimental group we revealed a mimic musculature revascularization, as well as ingrowth of axons into the muscle and restoration of the neuromuscular synapses. Conclusion. Allogeneic biomaterial transplantation creates adequate conditions for restorations of the organic vascular bed and innervative apparatus of the denervated mimic muscles. The obtained results of the experiment can be regarded as one of the examples of the interlevel relationship restoration in the system following the use of allogeneic biomaterials.