Experimental substantiation of the original technique of hernioplasty of ventral hernias of lateral localization

Introduction. The aim of the study was a morphological and biomechanical assessment of the degree of changes in the target structures of the lateral parts of the anterior abdominal wall during hernia and to determine the possibilities of surgical correction of the identified changes. Materials and methods of research. The work was based on anatomical studies of 36 human corpses. Biomechanical parameters of native, scar-modified and reinforced fascial structures of the anterior abdominal wall with a skeleton thread according to the original surgical technique were studied at the ISS-500 stand using the Scaima ZF-500 force sensor. Results. The target structures (weak points) of the lateral parts of the anterior abdominal wall involved in the formation of hernias should be considered: paravertebral, subcostal and lateral fascial nodes (paired). Degenerative processes of fascial-muscular tissues in the area of hernial gates lead to a decrease in their biomechanical parameters compared to native drugs by more than two times, which leads to a relapse of the disease after hernioplasty. When performing hernioplasty in an original way, the tensile strength of tissues in the area of hernial defect plasty increases by 44,2 %, and the modulus of elasticity by 49,1 % compared to such indicators in a herniator. Conclusion. The proposed technique of strengthening the edges of the hernial gate with two frame threads when fixing the mesh graft increases the ability of tissues to withstand the increasing intra-abdominal pressure after surgery, which prevents the threat of relapse of the disease.