Operational parameters of diesel engine tractors for tillage operations

Regularities in the influence of variable load on the operational parameters of motors of modern energy-saturated tractors in crop production technologies are considered. The object of the study was the performance of diesel engines of wheeled 4K4 tractors during the exectution of technical operations of tillage. While analysizing the results of the calculations on the assessment of the impact of variable external effects on diesel engine operation parameters the following regularities were established. Underutilization of power in three diesel engines under study varies and depends on the value of adaptability factor at the moment of Kp. The power loss of the tractor K-744R2 was quite significant - about 18%. Such power loss is due to the low value of Kp = 1.21. Specific fuel consumption in the area of nominal mode of diesel TMZ-8481.10 according to the calculation data is increased by 10%. The optimal load modes of diesel engine are in the area of 0.94-0.88 with increase of torque variation factor v m from 0.05 to 0.2. Underutilization (reduction) of power of tractor diesel K-424 in the area of nominal moment reaches almost 8%, i.e. from 171 kW to 158 kW. One of the reasons for this reduction in diesel power is the low torque margin by modern standards (according to the data of the manufacturer, the coefficient of Kp = 1.35). The value of optimum degree of loading λm of the diesel YaMZ-53625 is 0.96-0.974. Power underutilization of the tractor engine “BELARUS 1523.4” (in the area of optimal loading λm = 0.88-0.9) in the range of coefficient of variation v m = 0-0.2 amounts to 8.6%. In the nominal power mode, the Nen power loss amounts to 9.5%. The level of power loss is low, this is due to the value of the adaptability factor at the moment Kp = 1.25. A comparison of the data presented indicates a greater adaptation to the variable load effects of diesel engines having a factor Kp > 1.25.