Electronic money: the essence, functions and role in the economy

This article discusses the theoretical aspects of electronic money: the concept, functions, causes of their occurrence, as well as advantages and disadvantages. The essence of electronic payments is revealed and the analysis of the most common electronic instruments in Russia is carried out. The assessment and justification of the role of non-cash payments, as well as the importance of the electronic money system in Russia in modern conditions are given. The problems of electronic money, such as the issue of money, confidentiality and anonymity of users of electronic payments are also touched upon. New types of electronic money and the effectiveness of their use are considered. The differences between fiat, non-fiat and virtual (gaming) electronic money are indicated. The differences between centralized monetary systems and decentralized ones are described. The analysis of statistical data is given, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn and the main trends in the development of electronic tools are determined. The dynamics of the level of use by popularity of electronic wallets from 2017 to 2023 is given.