The elements of optimization of the technology for the conservation of black currant in vitro

As a result of the studies it was found out that the collection samples of black currant in vitro conditions can be maintained in a viable state on specially selected nutrient media. The elements of plant conservation technology were tested using in vitro the cultivation of cells, tissues and organs, which is the safest alternative for doublet collections of a large number of cultures. The aim of the study was to develop the elements of the technology for long-term preservation of valuable genotypes of black currant by using osmotically active substances in combination with various temperature conditions of deposition. Optimal cultivation conditions for the explants of black currant variety ‘Bryansky Agat' on the medium supplemented with mannitol at the concentrations of 0.45 % and 0.75 % and the temperature plus 22-24 degrees Centigrade were determined. The joint use of mannitol in indicated concentrations and the temperature allowed maintaining the viability of plants at the level of 40-50 %. Comparative analysis of the influence of various osmotically active substances on micrograins' regeneration showed the feasibility of using mannitol under the conditions of normal growth rate, since its introduction into the nutrient medium at different concentrations increased the viability of explants compared with dulcite by 5-8 times and control by 2-2.5 times. When deposited under the conditions of low positive temperatures plus 4-6 degrees Centigrade, sucrose was the optimal source of organic nutrition. The viability of control samples was higher (55 %) than that of experimental ones - 25 %. Thus, the possibility of preserving the explants for 12 months of direct cultivation by modifying the nutrient medium based on osmotically active substances and temperature conditions was revealed on the model variety of black currant ‘Bryansky Agat'. The realization of morphogenetic potential of cultivated explants is determined by the genotypes, the composition of the nutrient medium, and cultivation conditions. Having identified the optimal source of mineral nutrition, its concentration and combined with the temperature factor, the elements of the technology for the conservation of valuable genotypes of black currant in vitro were developed.