Energy security and energy transformation as impulses of global, regional and national civilization challenges

The article addresses the issue of the foundations of the idea of energy security at the global, continental and national levels, as well as the energy transformation necessary to achieve it, which is important for the modern world – both in terms of its society and economy. Based on the assessment of the modern world, which operates under extremely unpredictable conditions and faces numerous restrictions and barriers, leading to numerous challenges and dilemmas regarding the raw materials, energy and climate situation, the authors focus on the energy segment. Recognizing energy security as one of the leading and decisive factors for future economic development of the world, its regions and individual countries, as well as for improving the standard and quality of life of society, the study aims to identify ideas, foundations and perceptions of energy. Security as a response to civilizational changes under the conditions of functioning of society, links them with the need to implement an energy transformation that corresponds to the current and future conditions of development. Considering this approach to be the leading one, the authors explore the essence of energy security and energy transformation within its cognitive and normative sphere, addressing natural, climatic and ecological civilizational challenges facing the modern world. The research methods included the analysis of literature, as well as economic practice and its synthesis, referring to the idea of the research paradigm of the new institutional economy. This type of research allowed the development of a theoretical framework for identifying the theory of energy security and energy transformation. The analysis focused on the issues of reflecting energy security and energy transformation in the literature on this topic, which made it possible to determine the genesis and essence of energy security and energy transformation.