Epidemiological and Clinical Investigation of Bovine Viral Diarrhea in a Private Cattle Farm in Ganja Region, Azerbaijan

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) remains a significant health concern in cattle, with considerable economic implications for livestock production. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and clinical features of BVD in a private cattle farm located in the Ganja region of Azerbaijan, and to evaluate the effectiveness of implemented control strategies. Clinical examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used for diagnostic purposes. The results revealed a 36% infection rate, with the highest prevalence observed among calves aged 6 to 12 months. Fever, watery diarrhea, and decreased appetite were among the dominant clinical signs. Mortality was recorded in 8% of affected animals, predominantly in unvaccinated groups. The study highlights the importance of timely vaccination, strict hygiene measures, and early diagnosis in reducing the spread and impact of BVD in herd populations.