Evolution of the Institution of Arbitration Proceedings in Russia: A Historical-Legal Analysis

The article examines the evolution of the system of arbitration courts in Russia from 1970 to 2014. The subject of the study is the transformation from a centralized economic body (State Arbitration) to a specialized judicial system, and then its integration into the general judicial structure following the 2014 reform. The aim of the study is to identify the key stages of this process and the factors that influenced them. The methodological basis of the work is historical-legal analysis, which allows for tracing the stages of development in chronological sequence. The author concludes that the development of the arbitration system is influenced by two key factors: the adaptation of law to changes in the economic environment and the deliberate corrective will of the state. These factors must be taken into account both when forecasting future reforms and analyzing the current functioning of the judicial system, as well as in the process of training new specialists. At the same time, the main trend of its evolution will persist: centralization and increased controllability. This trend is aimed at creating a unified law enforcement policy, designed to serve as an effective tool for implementing the state’s strategic development priorities.