Towards the philosophical concept of dialogue (from Martin Buber to Vladimir S. Bibler)

The article considers a dialogue as a philosophical concept with a number of characteristics and specific features. Dialogue as the basic form of a written or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people is transformed into a cultural dialogue, which is at the forefront of the dialogical relationship of a person with diverse forms of being. The research focuses on the interpretation of the concept of dialogue in the ideas of prominent thinkers such as M. Buber, M. M. Bakhtin and V. S. Bibler. Appealing to the scientific works of the above researchers, we explicate the distinguishing features of the dialogue. The main feature of a dialogue is its focus on the exchange of knowledge between two or more partners, whose relations are confirmed on objective or spiritual level. In accordance with the applied methods of scientific research (historical analysis and conceptual analysis), we have investigated the concept of dialogue and dialogical relations “I-Thou” and “I-It” (M. Buber), “I” and the Other (M. M. Bakhtin) and “I-You” (V. S. Bibler), as well as the dialogue of cultures in researches of M. M. Bakhtin and V. S. Bibler. The results of our investigation represent a theoretical background for the conceptual features of dialogue within the framework of philosophical tradition. The materials obtained can serve as a foundation for further research and analysis of the specific features and key principles of dialogism.