Towards a heuristic conception of the subject in the cognitive-evolutionary approach

The article studies the conditions for constructing the subject's heuristic conception on the basis of the cognitive-evolutionary approach synthesis in epistemology, the ideas of classical Marxist philosophy, the critical re-evaluation of its modern interpretations, and analyzes the views toward the phenomenon of subject in the latest philosophical theories. The importance of the categories of classical ontology in understanding the internal logic of unfolding the notions of subject in the era of «post-non-classical» scientific rationality is emphasized. Attention is paid to the influence of discussion about the subject of Soviet philosophy on the problems of subject in contemporary social philosophy. We have noted the closeness of the theoretical provisions of the philosophy of praxis, cultural-historical and post-structuralist versions of Marxism to the latest radical constructivist conceptions in their thematic intersection with evolutionary epistemology and universal evolutionism. The importance of the elements of functional, heuristic explanation of the cognitive evolution of subject is substantiated.