To the use of index evaluation NDVI in breeding practice for winter wheat

The article presents the results of methodological studies on the possibility of using the index assessment of NDVI for the purpose of identifying the individual characteristics of samples in the formation of productive properties and their subsequent systematization for the purposes of selection. Index evaluation of NDVI of varieties was carried out in competitive variety trials and technological experiments throughout the spring-summer vegetation of winter wheat varieties every 5-10 days using a Phantom 4 multispectral quadcopter equipped with a multichannel camera with a resolution of H/18.9 cm/pixel, where H - is the height of the drone relative to the surveyed area. In the competitive variety trials, 40 variety samples were evaluated. Sowing was carried out by the method of GSI, plot area - 10 m2, repetition 4 times. In technological experiment 54 varieties were studied according to three schemes of growing, which were conventionally designated as traditional (generally accepted in the Orel region), "high yields" (with the level of mineral and leaf nutrition, designed for a yield of 100 c/ha) and "optimal solutions" (variant with additional to the traditional technology of leaf treatments). The area of plots is 100 m2. The DJI TERRA and QGIS software packages were used to process the UAV aerial survey. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed using the software package Statistics. It is shown that the value of individual index assessment parameters and their combinations can be influenced by the Vrn/Ppd genetic systems, which determine the duration of interfacial periods in the development of winter wheat plants. When systematizing varieties, four types are distinguished with a characteristic combination of index evaluation criteria. It is shown that varieties with index evaluation indicators, which are characteristic of varieties of the Oryol biotype, have a high potential for productivity, and varieties with lower NDVI indicators form a relatively weak yield. The NDVI index assessment noted the high degree of influence of cultivation technologies on the realization by varieties of their productivity potential and emphasized their specificity in the formation of crop properties.