To the question of periodization of the creation of the radiation safety system at enterprises of the nuclear complex of the Urals in 1945-1960

The process of formation of the radiation safety system at the first nuclear facilities of the Urals, first of all, the chemical plant «Mayak», is covered. It is noted that from the very beginning of the creation of the domestic nuclear industry, the problems of ensuring radiation protection of operational personnel and the environment have acquired special relevance. The article presents the main stages of the creation of a radiation safety system, and, first of all, the organization of dosimetry and medical-biological control services for nuclear scientists. It is concluded that by the end of the first decade of operation of the Mayak chemical plant, the radiation safety system was basically formed.