To the issue of the criminal responsibility of juveniles (case study of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

The urgent task of the criminal law doctrine is to solve problems related to the implementation of the criminal responsibility of juveniles in its various forms: punishment, probation, release from punishment with the use of compulsory educational measures, and the use of humane measures of criminal law coercion. In practice, not all types of punishments are applied equally: deprivation of the right to be engaged in certain activities, correctional works, restriction of freedom are used extremely rarely. This is due, among other things, to the wide possibility of applying probation to minors. However, the most humane forms of implementation of criminal responsibility, expressed in releasing from punishment and putting in a closed special educational institution, are applied restrictedly, due to the lack of relevant provisions in criminal law. In addition, temporary detention centers for juvenile law-breakers of internal affairs bodies have the conditions for applying the specified sector of preventive work as a compulsory educational measure.