On the issue of optimizing the operation of heat supply systems through the use of a heat carrier modified with nanoscale primary materials

Energy efficiency requirements of real estate objects determine the vector of development of energy systems and equipment. However, the sphere of heat supply and heating of residential, public and industrial buildings is characterized by an insufficient scale of implementation of key energy-efficient technologies, although theoretically there are quite a lot of options for carrying out energy-saving measures and increasing the efficiency of heat transfer, and in practice heat transfer issues in the implementation of energy-saving measures and improving the efficiency of heat supply of buildings are always considered in the context of engineering and technical support of real estate objects. The paper reveals one of the options for technical and economic optimization through the use of nanotechnologies that contribute to improving the energy efficiency of buildings, the quality of heat supply, optimization of the hydraulic regime of heating networks and intensification of heat transfer in heat exchangers. The main characteristics of methods for regulating the heat load are given, while the choice of nanoparticles, determination of their thermal conductivity, concentration and size distribution are important conditions for reducing costs and reducing heat loss when solving issues of regulating heat supply systems. It is shown that the use of a heat carrier modified with nanoscale primary materials can contribute to solving the problem of fuel economy from heating, improving the quality of heat supply, reducing the consumption of thermal energy and fuel due to a significant increase in heat transfer, but only with a low content of nanoparticles in hot water as a heat carrier.